Cancer Treatment

Physicians use a process called staging to describe how a particular cancer in a patient has advanced. Staging is important in helping physicians decide which treatments are most likely to be successful in treating the cancer. The most common staging method is known as the TNM system. This system describes the tumor (T), whether the cancer has invaded lymph nodes (N), and whether there are any metastases (M). Physicians determine the staging level through physical examination, X rays, CT scans, and other specialized tests.

Since each type of cancer is different, there are different staging categories for each cancer. If cancer is discovered in the early stages, the cancer treatment may be successful. Advanced stage cancers are more difficult to treat. If tests show that the cancer has spread, patients may need to undergo additional treatments.